Sympathetic Nervous System Vs Parasympathetic Nervous System Chart
The human body is a complex system that is regulated by two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) - the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). These two systems work in tandem to help maintain a balance in the body's physiological processes. In this article, we will explore the differences and similarities between the SNS and PNS using a chart for easy understanding.
Sympathetic Nervous System
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response of the body. When the body senses danger or stress, the SNS is activated, and it prepares the body to either fight or run away from the situation. The following are some of the physiological responses that occur when the SNS is activated:
- Increase in heart rate
- Increase in blood pressure
- Dilation of pupils
- Dilation of bronchioles
- Increase in sweat production
- Decrease in digestive activity
The SNS is also involved in the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are hormones that help to increase the body's readiness for action.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is responsible for the "rest and digest" response of the body. When the body is in a relaxed state, the PNS is activated, and it helps to conserve and restore energy. The following are some of the physiological responses that occur when the PNS is activated:
- Decrease in heart rate
- Decrease in blood pressure
- Constriction of pupils
- Constriction of bronchioles
- Stimulation of digestive activity
- Stimulation of salivary glands
The PNS is also involved in the release of acetylcholine, which is a neurotransmitter that helps to slow down the body's physiological processes.
Similarities between SNS and PNS
Despite their opposing functions, the SNS and PNS work together to maintain homeostasis in the body. Here are some of the similarities between the two systems:
- Both systems are part of the autonomic nervous system
- Both systems are involved in the regulation of vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion
- Both systems use neurotransmitters to communicate with target organs and tissues
- Both systems can be influenced by the same stimuli such as stress, emotions, and exercise
Conclusion
The SNS and PNS are two important divisions of the autonomic nervous system that work in tandem to help maintain a balance in the body's physiological processes. While the SNS is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, the PNS is responsible for the "rest and digest" response. Despite their opposing functions, both systems are important for the overall health and well-being of the body. A chart can be a useful tool for understanding the differences and similarities between the two systems.
