Antagonistic Muscle Action Chart Hip Joint And Pelvic Girdle
Introduction
The hip joint and pelvic girdle are essential parts of the human body. They play a significant role in movement, stability, and support. The hip joint connects the thigh bone and the pelvic girdle, which consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis bones. The pelvic girdle encloses and protects the internal organs of the lower abdomen and provides an attachment site for several muscles in the lower back, abdomen, and thighs.
Antagonistic Muscle Action Chart
The Antagonistic Muscle Action Chart is a valuable tool that helps to understand the complex relationships between muscles and their actions. It shows how muscles work in pairs or groups to produce movement in the body. In the hip joint and pelvic girdle, there are several pairs of muscles that work together in an antagonistic manner to create movement.
Flexion and Extension
The primary movement of the hip joint is flexion and extension. Flexion is the movement that brings the thigh bone closer to the abdomen, while extension is the opposite movement that brings the thigh bone away from the abdomen. To produce flexion, the hip flexor muscles, including the psoas major, iliacus, and rectus femoris, contract, while the hip extensor muscles, including the gluteus maximus and hamstrings, relax. To produce extension, the opposite occurs, with the hip flexor muscles relaxing, and the hip extensor muscles contracting.
Abduction and Adduction
Abduction and adduction are movements that involve moving the thigh bone away from or towards the body's midline. Abduction is the movement that brings the thigh bone away from the midline, while adduction is the opposite movement that brings the thigh bone towards the midline. To produce abduction, the hip abductor muscles, including the gluteus medius and minimus, contract, while the hip adductor muscles, including the adductor longus and brevis, relax. To produce adduction, the opposite occurs, with the hip adductor muscles contracting, and the hip abductor muscles relaxing.
Internal and External Rotation
Internal and external rotation are movements that involve rotating the thigh bone inwards or outwards. Internal rotation is the movement that rotates the thigh bone inwards towards the midline, while external rotation is the opposite movement that rotates the thigh bone outwards away from the midline. To produce internal rotation, the hip internal rotator muscles, including the gluteus medius, tensor fasciae latae, and piriformis, contract, while the hip external rotator muscles, including the gemellus superior and inferior, obturator internus and externus, and quadratus femoris, relax. To produce external rotation, the opposite occurs, with the hip external rotator muscles contracting, and the hip internal rotator muscles relaxing.
Conclusion
The Antagonistic Muscle Action Chart is a useful tool for understanding the complex relationships between muscles and their actions. In the hip joint and pelvic girdle, there are several pairs of muscles that work together in an antagonistic manner to create movement. Understanding these muscle actions is essential for injury prevention, rehabilitation, and improving athletic performance.