Separation Of A Three Component Mixture By Extraction Flow Chart
Introduction
Separation of a three-component mixture can be a daunting task, especially when the components have similar properties. However, extraction flow chart provides a systematic approach to separate the components from the mixture. This article will discuss the extraction flow chart and how it can be used to separate a three-component mixture.
What is Extraction Flow Chart?
Extraction flow chart is a graphical representation of a separation process, which involves the transfer of a solute from one phase to another. In this process, a mixture is brought into contact with a solvent that selectively dissolves one or more components from the mixture. The dissolved components are then separated from the mixture by various means, such as filtration or distillation.
Components of a Three-Component Mixture
Before we dive into the extraction flow chart, let's first understand the components of a three-component mixture. A three-component mixture consists of three different substances that are mixed together. These substances can be solids, liquids, or gases. For example, a mixture of sand, salt, and iron filings is a three-component mixture.
Extraction Flow Chart for a Three-Component Mixture
The extraction flow chart for a three-component mixture involves the following steps:
Step 1: Preparation of Mixture
The first step is to prepare the mixture. In this step, the three components are mixed together in a container. The mixture should be well stirred to ensure that the components are evenly distributed.
Step 2: Selection of Solvent
The second step is to select a solvent that can selectively dissolve one or more components from the mixture. The solvent should be able to dissolve the desired component(s) without dissolving the other components. For example, if we want to dissolve salt from the mixture, we can use water as a solvent.
Step 3: Extraction
The third step is to extract the desired component(s) from the mixture using the selected solvent. In this step, the solvent is added to the mixture and stirred. The mixture is then allowed to settle, and the solvent layer (containing the dissolved component(s)) is separated from the mixture using a separating funnel.
Step 4: Separation of Components
The fourth step is to separate the components from the solvent layer. This can be done by various means, such as filtration, distillation, or evaporation. For example, if we want to separate salt from water, we can evaporate the water to obtain salt.
Step 5: Repeating the Process
The fifth step is to repeat the process with the remaining components until all the components are separated from the mixture.
Conclusion
Extraction flow chart provides a systematic approach to separate a three-component mixture. It involves the selection of a solvent that can selectively dissolve one or more components from the mixture, extraction of the desired component(s) from the mixture using the solvent, separation of the components from the solvent layer, and repeating the process with the remaining components. By following the extraction flow chart, we can effectively separate the components from the mixture.