Complete The Following Chart Monomer Polymer Example Function
When studying biology or chemistry, you may come across the terms 'monomer' and 'polymer.' These two terms are essential in understanding organic molecules, especially those that make up living organisms. In this article, we will explore what monomers and polymers are, provide examples of each, and discuss their functions.
What are Monomers?
A monomer is a simple molecule that can combine with other monomers to form a polymer. Typically, monomers are small organic molecules that have a specific functional group. In other words, they have a specific chemical structure that allows them to react with other monomers. The most common functional groups found in monomers are alcohols, carboxylic acids, and amines.
One example of a monomer is amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Each amino acid has an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain that is unique to that amino acid. When amino acids link together through peptide bonds, they form a polymer called a protein.
Another example of a monomer is glucose. Glucose is a simple sugar that is used by cells to produce energy. Glucose molecules can link together through glycosidic bonds to form a polymer called glycogen, which is stored in the liver and muscles.
What are Polymers?
A polymer is a large molecule made up of many repeating units of monomers. Polymers can be made up of the same type of monomer or different types of monomers. The properties of polymers depend on the types of monomers used and how they are linked together.
One example of a polymer is DNA. DNA is a polymer made up of four different types of nucleotides. Each nucleotide has a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. When nucleotides link together through phosphodiester bonds, they form the polymer DNA.
Another example of a polymer is cellulose. Cellulose is a polymer made up of glucose monomers. The glucose monomers are linked together through beta-glycosidic bonds to form long chains. Cellulose is the main component of plant cell walls and is used in the production of paper and textiles.
Function of Monomers and Polymers
The function of monomers and polymers varies depending on the type of molecule. Generally, monomers are used to build larger molecules, while polymers are used for structural support, storage, and transport.
For example, amino acids are used to build proteins, which have many functions in the body, such as enzymes, hormones, and structural components. Glucose is used to build glycogen, which is used for energy storage in the liver and muscles.
Polymers such as DNA and RNA are used to store and transmit genetic information. Cellulose provides structural support to plant cell walls and is a source of dietary fiber for humans.
Conclusion
Monomers and polymers are essential in understanding organic molecules and the functions they serve in living organisms. By knowing the types of monomers and polymers, their examples, and their functions, you will have a better understanding of the complex biological and chemical processes that occur in the body.