Neonatal Jaundice Normal Bilirubin Levels In Newborns Chart
Jaundice is a common condition in newborn babies, affecting up to 60% of full-term babies and 80% of premature babies. It is caused by an excess of bilirubin, a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells are broken down. In this article, we will discuss neonatal jaundice and normal bilirubin levels in newborns chart.
What is Neonatal Jaundice?
Neonatal jaundice is a condition that causes yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes in newborn babies. It occurs when there is a buildup of bilirubin in the baby’s blood. Bilirubin is a waste product that is produced when red blood cells are broken down. Normally, the liver processes bilirubin and removes it from the body. However, in some newborns, the liver may not be fully developed or functioning properly, leading to a buildup of bilirubin in the blood.
Jaundice usually appears within the first few days of life and typically resolves on its own within two to three weeks. However, in some cases, the bilirubin levels may become too high, leading to a more serious form of jaundice known as kernicterus. Kernicterus can cause brain damage and other serious complications.
Normal Bilirubin Levels in Newborns Chart
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all newborns be screened for jaundice within the first 24 to 48 hours of life. Bilirubin levels are measured using a simple blood test. The results are usually reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
The following is a chart of normal bilirubin levels in newborns:
As you can see from the chart, bilirubin levels tend to peak at around three to five days of age, and then gradually decrease over the next two to three weeks. Most babies will have bilirubin levels below 12 mg/dL by the time they are two weeks old.
Causes of Neonatal Jaundice
Neonatal jaundice can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Physiological jaundice: This is the most common type of jaundice, and it occurs as a normal part of the newborn’s development. It usually appears within the first few days of life and resolves on its own within two to three weeks.
- Blood group incompatibility: This occurs when the baby’s blood type is incompatible with the mother’s. It can cause a more severe form of jaundice that may require treatment.
- Breastfeeding: Breastfeeding jaundice can occur when the baby is not getting enough milk. This can cause a buildup of bilirubin in the blood.
- Breast milk jaundice: This occurs when certain substances in breast milk interfere with the liver’s ability to process bilirubin.
- Infections: Certain infections, such as hepatitis or sepsis, can cause neonatal jaundice.
- Metabolic disorders: Rare metabolic disorders, such as galactosemia or hypothyroidism, can also cause neonatal jaundice.
Treatment for Neonatal Jaundice
In most cases, neonatal jaundice will resolve on its own within two to three weeks. However, if the bilirubin levels become too high, treatment may be necessary. Treatment options may include:
- Phototherapy: This involves exposing the baby’s skin to special lights that help to break down the bilirubin. The baby may need to be placed under a special light for several hours per day until the bilirubin levels decrease.
- Exchange transfusion: This is a more invasive procedure that involves removing some of the baby’s blood and replacing it with donor blood. It is usually only used in severe cases of jaundice.
Conclusion
Neonatal jaundice is a common condition in newborn babies that usually resolves on its own within two to three weeks. However, it is important to monitor bilirubin levels to ensure that they do not become too high. If your baby develops jaundice, talk to your doctor about the best course of treatment.